The overall mechanical properties of a joint are generated by a combination intrinsic (mechanical) and reflex (neural) mechanisms. Nevertheless, many methods for estimating joint mechanical properties have used a linear dynamic model whose …
Dynamic joint stiffness determines the relation between joint position and torque, and plays a vital role in the control of posture and movement. Dynamic joint stiffness can be quantified during quasi-stationary conditions using disturbance …
Joint stiffness has been extensively used to study joint biomechanics. It can be described by a block-oriented, nonlinear, parallel-cascade structure under quasi-stationary conditions defined by the joint operating point. The model parameters are …
Dynamic joint stiffness defines the torque generated at the joint in response to position perturbations. Dynamic stiffness is modulated by the angular position and the muscle activation level, making it difficult to estimate during large movements …
Dynamic ankle joint stiffness defines the relationship between the position of the ankle and the torque acting about it and can be separated into intrinsic and reflex components. Under stationary conditions, intrinsic stiffness can described by a …